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The following topics can be found in this area:
surface decarburization , crystalline structure and
segregations
The represented examples don't have to lead to the
failure of the material in every case. These are merely examinations of structure anomalies,
which differs from the standard.
At the enlarged views a measuring function is available.
The measuring spots 1 and 2 get specified with the left mouse button and the distance
between them gets computed on base of the magnification scale. An optical measuring
point marking takes place on the screen by means of little measuring crosses. For the
use of the measuring function you must activate Javascript in your browser.
Measuring accuracy of the different magnifications:
12,5 : 1 ca.
9 µm
50 : 1 ca.
2 µm
100 : 1 ca.
1 µm
200 : 1 ca.
0,5 µm
500 : 1 ca.
0,2 µm
1000 : 1 ca.
0,1 µm
 A001 - Distinctive core segregation - 1.7102
 A002 - Core segregation with primary carbide accumulation - 1.2379
 A003 - Ferrite in the heat treated structure - 1.2249
 A004 - Very bad annealing structure - 1.3505
 A005 - Partial renewed formation of pearlite - 1.3505
 A006 - Strong cementite lattice - 1.2210
 A007 - Strong carbide precipitate - 1.4310
 A008 - Renewed formation of bainite - 1.6580
 A009 - Bad spheroidised annealing structure - 1.7102
 A010 - Strong surface decarburization - 1.3505
 A011 - Very strong surface decarburization - 1.7102
 A012 - Renewed formation of pearlite - 1.7709
 A013 - Degenerated pearlite within bainite - 1.7220
 A014 - Bad heat treated structure - 1.4718
 A015 - Bad heat treated structure - 1.7225
 A016 - Stronger core segregation - 1.2381
 A017 - Microstructure deformation by scalping - 1.7076
 A018 - Friction martensite by scraping - 1.2823
 A019 - Coarse carbides by multiple annealing - 1.7034
 A020 - Structure influence by separating - 1.6540
 A021 - Carburization by soft annealing - 1.7076
 A022 - Decarburization at heat treated material - 1.8507
 A023 - Strong Decarburization at a billet corner - 1.2516
 A024 - Strong complete decarburization - 1.1520
 A025 - Fracture through sigma-phase - 1.4462
 A026 - Segregation with cementite accumulation - 1.3505
 A027 - Torn wire at the drawing through sigma-phase - 1.4462
 A028 - Strong core segregation - 1.2210
 A029 - Insufficient through-hardening - 1.8519
 A030 - Friction martensite by a mechanical damage - 1.8519
 A031 - Segregation streaks with sigma-phase - 1.4427
 A032 - Breaks by an unfavorable microstructure - 1.4724
 A033 - Insufficient austenitization at the quenching - 1.2242
 A034 - Renewed formation of pearlite at the spheroidising - 1.7034
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